恵比寿

Ebisuえびす

grace, compare, long life — sound borrowed for a god's name

  • egrace / blessing (phonetic only)
  • bicompare (phonetic only)
  • 寿sulong life (phonetic only)

One name, three appearances: a beer in the government Gazette by 1894, a station in 1906, a place-name in 1928 — and only the last of them says what it was named for, in the town's own hand.

In 1928 the town of Shibuya wrote down its reason. Two new place-names, Ebisu-dōri one-chōme and two-chōme, and against each the register gives the same line: named after Ebisu station. That link the town states in its own hand; the rest of the chain it does not. The station had opened on the thirtieth of October 1906 at Shimo-Shibuya, shared by steam and electric trains, says the county gazetteer of 1916. The same gazetteer describes the city tram's Ebisu line as the one running down below the Ebisu Beer company. And a beer of that name was in the government Gazette by 1894, one of four domestic beers in a Home Ministry notice of test results; that notice names no company. What the station itself was named for, none of the three records says. The characters spell a god of fortune, and spell him by sound alone.

Modern proof

Ebisu today is a station in Shibuya and the name of the neighbourhood around it. In 1928 the town created two names, Ebisu-dōri one-chōme and two-chōme. Whether those reach the names now on the map, and if so by what route, these three records do not say.

Tokyo

Sources

  1. 渋谷町「渋谷町字名地番改正誌」(昭和3年・新字名表の惠比壽通一丁目/二丁目に命名理由「惠比壽驛ニ因ミ、惠比壽通トナス」を載せること)[primary]
  2. 東京府豊多摩郡「東京府豊多摩郡誌」(1916・惠比壽停車場は大字下澁谷に在り明治39年10月30日開業の汽車電車共用驛であること、市電惠比壽線が「惠比壽麥酒會社下に通ずる」線であること)[primary]
  3. 官報 第3235号(明治27年4月16日・内務省の公示「内國製麥酒試驗成績」の四種に惠比壽麥酒が挙がること)[primary]
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